Research Progress of Biochar Based Materials and Their Applications Using Electrochemical Sensors

Electrochemical sensors have become a research hotspot in the field of analytical chemistry due to their high sensitivity, good selectivity, and fast reaction rate. Using biochar materials to construct electrochemical sensors is a low cost, accessible and effective route to achieve excellent detection performance. This review summarizes the research progress of biochar based electrochemical sensors in the detection of environmental pollutants, drugs and biomolecules on the basis of briefly describing the synthesis methods and the structural properties of biochar-based materials. The synthesized biochar and the corresponding constructed sensors indicate that electrochemical sensors hold significant advantages in high-precision and high-stability chemical-signal testing. Further research will focus on optimizing the structure of carbon materials, regulating the composition of them, and preparing high-performance biochar-based materials that are more suitable for electrochemical sensors, so as to reduce the detection limit and improve the sensitivity. Besides, it is urgent to fabricate portable sensors based on biochar to determine rapid and intelligent analysis and detection, and the sensing mechanism and testing performance improvement mechanism are problems that must be deeply explored. The BRIEF REPORT is available for this paper at http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/en/article/doi/10.15898/j.ykcs.202403170058.