Abstract: Non-traditional antimony isotopes play an important role in the fields of environmental pollution monitoring, palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and resource exploration, especially in tracing the source, migration pathways and geochemical processes of antimony, which provides a unique perspective. In this paper, the geochemical behaviours, analytical testing techniques, fractionation mechanisms and applications of antimony and its isotopes in earth sciences are systematically reviewed. Basis on previous studies, which improved the accuracy of isotope analysis to 0.01‰ with the help of multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), it is found that redox, adsorption, biological action and evaporation processes are the core mechanisms leading to antimony isotope fractionation, in which ¹²¹Sb is enriched in the low valence state, adsorption phase or reaction products, and ¹²³Sb is retained in the high valence state, solution phase or reaction products, while the reaction rate, the reaction rate, the reaction products and the reaction rate of antimony isotopes are not affected. Reaction products, while reaction rate and temperature are important factors affecting the fractionation mechanism. In terms of application, antimony isotopes can be used to achieve accurate traceability in environmental pollution monitoring, such as identifying multiple sources of antimony in soil, including rock weathering, atmospheric deposition, etc., and analysing its migration path (the process is controlled by the adsorption of organic matter, ferromanganese compounds, etc.); in sedimentary paleoenvironmental research, it can be used to trace paleo-oceanic redox state and the process of enrichment of mineralisation elements; In the study of oil reservoir mineralisation, it can reveal the interaction mechanism between hydrothermal fluids and organic matter; in the exploration of mineral deposits, it can trace the hydrothermal fluid flow path and the evolution of multi-stage mineralisation; in the study of coal seams, it can analyze the source of mineralisation fluids and the role of hydrothermal fluids in antimony enrichment. With the advancement of analytical testing technology and the improvement of testing accuracy, antimony isotopes have significant potential for application in geological research, and can be used as a cross-tool between geosciences and environmental sciences. In the future, it is necessary to combine multi-elemental isotopes to build a more comprehensive tracer model, which can provide precise technical support for resource exploration and pollution control.