Abstract: Pretreatment processes play an important role in selenium speciation analysis. Selenium species extractive methods including liquid extraction, microwave aided extraction, solid-phase microextraction and liquid-phase microextraction and the pretreatment methods for biosamples are summarized in this paper. The new trends of pretreatment for trace and ultra-trace of selenium species in the future should focus on satisfying the automatic requirement with simple, rapid and eco-friendly characteristics, and be capable of integrating the different extraction techniques or new pretreatment methods of direct and on-line coupling with specific selenium species detection.