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翟磊, 詹秀春, 樊兴涛, 温宏利, 焦距, 刘雷雷. 应用S930树脂富集薄样-X射线荧光光谱现场分析环境水体中8种重金属的方法研究[J]. 岩矿测试, 2015, 34(1): 118-128. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.016
引用本文: 翟磊, 詹秀春, 樊兴涛, 温宏利, 焦距, 刘雷雷. 应用S930树脂富集薄样-X射线荧光光谱现场分析环境水体中8种重金属的方法研究[J]. 岩矿测试, 2015, 34(1): 118-128. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.016
Lei ZHAI, Xiu-chun ZHAN, Xing-tao FAN, Hong-li WEN, Ju JIAO, Lei-lei LIU. Portable EDXRF Analysis of Eight Heavy Metals in Environmental Water Using Pre-concentration with Purolite S930 and Thin-layer Sample Technique[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2015, 34(1): 118-128. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.016
Citation: Lei ZHAI, Xiu-chun ZHAN, Xing-tao FAN, Hong-li WEN, Ju JIAO, Lei-lei LIU. Portable EDXRF Analysis of Eight Heavy Metals in Environmental Water Using Pre-concentration with Purolite S930 and Thin-layer Sample Technique[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2015, 34(1): 118-128. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.016

应用S930树脂富集薄样-X射线荧光光谱现场分析环境水体中8种重金属的方法研究

Portable EDXRF Analysis of Eight Heavy Metals in Environmental Water Using Pre-concentration with Purolite S930 and Thin-layer Sample Technique

  • 摘要: 使用便携式X射线荧光光谱法结合富集技术已能分析液体样品中近20种金属元素, 但检出限相对较高(0.1~100 μg/L)、富集操作繁多、一种富集法可测元素种类较少等因素制约了该技术的发展.本文研究了一种适应于现场测试环境水样的XRF分析方法.使用20 mg S-930螯合树脂对100 mL水体中8种重金属(V、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb)进行预富集, 控制溶液pH=4, 搅拌30 min, 经真空抽滤系统过滤制得均匀薄样, 再使用自制的双层膜包夹样品盒并利用小型台式波长色散XRF测定.结果表明, 8种元素标准曲线的相关性R2>0.997, 检测范围为10~1000 μg/L, 检出限为1.0~6.2 μg/L, 方法精密度(RSD, n=12) 小于5%, 加标回收率为80%~120%;标准水样和模拟水样的测定结果分别与标准值和理论值基本一致.本方法巧妙地使用双层聚丙烯膜包夹薄试样的制样方法, 较好解决了薄膜样品的污染等问题, 简化了水样的预富集操作, 制备的树脂薄样可直接供XRF测量.方法检出限较低, 稳定性较好, 适用于检测Ⅰ~Ⅴ类水体中Fe、Co、Ni和Cu, Ⅱ~Ⅴ类水体中V和Zn, Ⅲ~Ⅴ类水体中Mn和Pb, 基本具备对8种重金属污染水体进行环境监测、水质调查等现场分析的能力.

     

    Abstract: Analysis of environmental water samples is primarily conducted in the laboratory, which costs considerable time and money. Pre-concentration methods coupled with portable X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) have been developed for the determination of almost twenty kinds of heavy metals, but with a relatively high detection limit, complex operation, and less element types can be measured using one pre-concentration strategy. All of these problems restrict the development of the technique. To solve these issues an on-site-oriented rapid and convenient analysis method of heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions has been developed utilizing a bench-top type portable Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). Based on pre-concentration with purolite S930 chelating resin and thin-layer sample preparation technique, the method could determine trace V5+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ in environmental water samples. After the heavy metal ions have been absorbed by 20 mg of S-930 resin powder for about 30 min in the pH=4 solution, the resin powders are filtrated onto a 0.45 m filter to form a thin-layer sample which can be directly measured by EDXRF using a homemade double polypropylene film sample cup. With an amount of 100 mL of solution, the linear ranges were 10-1000 g/L and the correlation coefficients of the calibration curves were good (R2>0.997) for all the eight elements. The lower limit of detection was between 1.0 and 6.2 g/L. Precision tests carried out on multi-element mixed solutions showed that the relative standard deviations (RSD, n=12) were better than 5% except for those of Zn and Pb at the concentration level of 20 g/L. Most of the recoveries were 80%-120% with spikes of 20 g/L for each element. The analysis results of DW standard substances and simulation samples were consistent with reference values and the theoretical value respectively. This method skillfully uses a double polypropylene membrane preparation method to make a thin-layer film sample which solves the pollution problem and simplifies the pre-concentration steps. The resin film samples can be directly measured by XRF. A lower detection limit and better stability make the method suitable for a spot investigation, water quality monitoring, and assessment of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, V, Zn, Mn and Pb in heavy metal polluted environmental water.

     

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