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柳检, 罗立强. As、Cd和Pb植物根系吸收途径和影响因素研究现状与进展[J]. 岩矿测试, 2015, 34(3): 269-277. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.03.002
引用本文: 柳检, 罗立强. As、Cd和Pb植物根系吸收途径和影响因素研究现状与进展[J]. 岩矿测试, 2015, 34(3): 269-277. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.03.002
Jian LIU, Li-qiang LUO. Study Progress on the Root Uptake Pathway of As, Cd and Pb and Its Influence Factors[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2015, 34(3): 269-277. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.03.002
Citation: Jian LIU, Li-qiang LUO. Study Progress on the Root Uptake Pathway of As, Cd and Pb and Its Influence Factors[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2015, 34(3): 269-277. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.03.002

As、Cd和Pb植物根系吸收途径和影响因素研究现状与进展

Study Progress on the Root Uptake Pathway of As, Cd and Pb and Its Influence Factors

  • 摘要: 环境中的毒性元素被植物吸收后, 不仅危害植物生长, 还会通过生物链的传递危害人类健康。植物吸收毒性元素有根、茎、叶三种途径, 其中根系吸收最为重要。明晰毒性元素进入根细胞的途径和影响因素, 有助于阻控其进入植物, 降低食用风险。近年来, 在毒性元素根系吸收途径研究领域, 国际上主要开展了吸收动力学过程、转运蛋白识别和外界环境作用机制研究。本文从根系对As、Cd、Pb的吸收途径和影响因素两个方面, 对植物利用转运蛋白和离子通道跨膜转运过程、根际环境与共存元素的影响等进行了评述, 并认为在分子尺度下开展毒性元素细胞吸收动态过程、细胞响应机制和根际多因素作用机理研究是该领域未来发展方向, 同时推测As(Ⅲ)的外排机制与P类似, 且Pb2+利用了Ca2+通道转运至木质部。

     

    Abstract: Toxic elements in the environment taken up by plants, not only damage plant growth, but also harm the health of human beings through the food chain. Toxic elements are taken up by plants commonly through root, stem and foliar, of which the foliar is the most important way. Knowing the ways of toxic elements entering the root cell and its influence factors would lower the uptake of toxic elements by plants and lower the edible danger. In recent years, uptake kinetic process, transport protein identification and action mechanism of external factors are carried out internationally in the field of root system uptake pathway of toxic elements. In this paper, we focus on the root uptake pathway of As, Cd and Pb and its influence factors. Transport processes by transport protein and ion channel of transmembrane protein, rhizosphere environment and the effects of coexisting elements are reviewed. It is concluded that the dynamic process of cellular uptake of As, Cd and Pb at the molecular scale, the cell response mechanism, and rhizosphere effect mechanism of many factors are the main research orientation in the future. Moreover, it is possible that the efflux mechanism of As(Ⅲ) is similar to P and Pb2+ is transported to xylem by Ca2+ channels.

     

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