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陈康, 纪广轩, 朱有峰, 张华川. 基于高光谱岩心扫描系统研究城门山铁路坎铜矿床的蚀变特征[J]. 岩矿测试, 2020, 39(6): 944-953. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202005060005
引用本文: 陈康, 纪广轩, 朱有峰, 张华川. 基于高光谱岩心扫描系统研究城门山铁路坎铜矿床的蚀变特征[J]. 岩矿测试, 2020, 39(6): 944-953. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202005060005
CHEN Kang, JI Guang-xuan, ZHU You-feng, ZHANG Hua-chuan. Study on Alteration Characteristics of the Chengmenshan Tielukan Copper Deposit by A Hyperspectral Core Scanning System[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2020, 39(6): 944-953. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202005060005
Citation: CHEN Kang, JI Guang-xuan, ZHU You-feng, ZHANG Hua-chuan. Study on Alteration Characteristics of the Chengmenshan Tielukan Copper Deposit by A Hyperspectral Core Scanning System[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2020, 39(6): 944-953. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202005060005

基于高光谱岩心扫描系统研究城门山铁路坎铜矿床的蚀变特征

Study on Alteration Characteristics of the Chengmenshan Tielukan Copper Deposit by A Hyperspectral Core Scanning System

  • 摘要: 铜矿床蚀变围岩与伴生矿体有着密切的成因与空间关系,通过分析铜矿床蚀变特征,可获得成矿时物理化学条件,热液中成矿元素的迁移、富集以及演化规律,最终指示铜矿床矿化富集程度以及矿体赋存位置。本文通过对城门山铜矿床外围铁路坎矿区的代表性岩心进行高光谱岩心扫描系统快速分析,结果显示在ZKJ9-7典型钻孔中,0~350m处以蒙脱石和碳酸盐典型光谱曲线为主;350~578m处以高岭土和白云母典型光谱曲线为主。通过矿物解译,自地表向下,城门山铁路坎矿区的矿物变化规律为:蒙脱石+高岭石→碳酸盐+蒙脱石→碳酸盐→白云母+高岭石+蒙脱石→白云母+高岭石+绿泥石。矿区浅部区域主要受花岗闪长斑岩体与碳酸盐类围岩之间的接触带构造控制;深部区域主要经历矽卡岩化和硅化,部分有绿泥石化,这些蚀变过程有利于铜矿的形成与富集。钻孔深部接触带两侧的岩石发生成分置换而形成矽卡岩,上升溶液沿着碳酸盐类接触面流动时,碳酸盐中的CaO通过粒间溶液,以上升溶液为媒介向硅铁质岩和硅铝质岩石方向扩散。相反,硅铁质岩和硅铝质岩中的FeO、Al2O3和SiO2以同样的方式向灰岩方向扩散,从而接触带两侧的岩石发生成分置换而形成矽卡岩。富铜矽卡岩型矿床的形成与溶液和岩石间的组分交换密切相关,组分的浓度差所引起的扩散作用在其中发挥了重要作用。

     

    Abstract:
    BACKGROUNDThe altered wall rocks of copper deposits and associated ore bodies have a close genetic and spatial relationship. By analyzing the alteration characteristics of copper deposits, the physical and chemical conditions of the mineralization, the migration, enrichment and evolution of ore-forming elements in the hydrothermal fluid can be obtained. The alteration features ultimately indicate the mineralization degree of the copper deposit and the location of the ore body. The hyperspectral core scanning system is a new type of technical testing method, developed in recent years. This article documents the first time of studying the representative cores from the Chengmenshan Tielukan copper deposit by the hyperspectral core scanning system. At the same time, altered minerals were analyzed by electron probe microanalysis (EMPA). Thus, further revealing the metallogenic mechanism of the Chengmenshan copper deposit.
    OBJECTIVESTo investigate the alteration features of the Chengmenshan Tielukan copper deposit and to understand the ore genesis.
    METHODSSamples were analyzed by a hyperspectral core scanning system and electron probe microanalyzer.
    RESULTSThe results showed that in the typical borehole ZKJ9-7, the typical spectral curves of montmorillonite and carbonate were dominated at 0-350m, whereas the typical spectral curves of kaolin and muscovite were dominated at 350-578m. The mineral composition variation from the surface to the depth of the Tielukan region in the Chengmenshan copper deposit periphery was montmorillonite+kaolinite →carbonate+montmorillonite →carbonate →muscovite+kaolinite+montmorillonite →muscovite+kaolinite+chlorite.
    CONCLUSIONSIn the Tielukan region, the contact zone between the granodiorite porphyry and the carbonate wall rocks controls the superficial part, but in the deep part it has alteration processes such as skarnization, silicification and chloritization. These alteration processes will conduce to the formation and enrichment of the copper mine. The deep part of the drilling core also shows that rock component exchange occurred on both sides of the contact zone, resulting in the formation of the skarn in the deep part. When the ascending mineralized solution flows along the carbonate interface, CaO in carbonate diffuse to the ferrosilicon rock and aluminosilicon rock along with the intergranular solution. In contrast, FeO, Al2O3 and SiO2 in the ferrosilicon rock and aluminosilicon rock diffuse to limestone, and thus rock components exchange on both sides of the contact zone generating the skarn in the deep part. The formation of copper-rich skarn deposit is closely related to the components exchange between solution and rock. The diffusion effect caused by the concentration difference of the components plays an important role.

     

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